“Health workers silenced, exposed and attacked,” says Amnesty International

Governments must be held accountable for the deaths of health and essential workers who they have failed to protect from Covid 19, Amnesty International said on July 13 as it released a new report documenting the experiences of health workers around the world. The organisation’s analysis of available data has revealed that more than 3,000 health workers are known to have died from Covid 19 worldwide - a figure which is likely to be a significant underestimate. Alarmingly, Amnesty International documented cases where health workers who raise safety concerns in the context of the Covid 19 response have faced retaliation, ranging from arrest and detention to threats and dismissal. “With the Covid 19 pandemic still accelerating around the world, we are urging governments to start taking health and essential workers’ lives seriously. Countries yet to see the worst of the pandemic must not repeat the mistakes of governments whose failure to protect workers’ rights has had devastating consequences,” said Sanhita Ambast, Amnesty International’s Researcher and Advisor on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. She added, “It is especially disturbing to see that some governments are punishing workers who voice their concerns about working conditions that may threaten their lives. Health workers on the frontline are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health.” According to Amnesty International’s monitoring, the countries with the highest numbers of health worker deaths thus far include the USA (507), Russia (545), UK (540, including 262 social care workers), Brazil (351), Mexico (248), Italy (188), Egypt (111), Iran (91), Ecuador (82) and Spain (63). The overall figure is likely to be a significant underestimate due to under-reporting, while accurate comparisons across countries are difficult due to differences in counting. For example, France has collected data from just some of its hospitals and health centres, while figures of deceased health workers provided by health associations in Egypt and Russia have been contested by their governments Health workers reported serious shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) in nearly all of the 63 countries and territories surveyed by Amnesty International. This includes countries which may yet see the worst of the pandemic, such as India and Brazil and several countries across Africa. A doctor working in Mexico City told Amnesty International that doctors were spending about 12% of their monthly salaries buying their own PPE. In addition to a global shortage of supply, trade restrictions may have aggravated this problem. In June, 56 countries and two trade blocs (the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union) had put in place measures to either ban or restrict the export of some, or all, forms of PPE or its components. “While states must ensure there is sufficient PPE for workers within their territories, trade restrictions risk exacerbating shortages in countries that are dependent on imports. The Covid 19 pandemic is a global problem that requires global cooperation,” stresses Ambast.